Section 1: Decolonization & Liberation
-Decline of European colonialism, no continental unity
-Decolonization not a major issue in wars
-End of 1949, Soviet-American fight at a stalemate. Stalin played with Korea as a distraction.
-Khrushchev likes to travel. Americans are scared of him helping liberate countries.
-What new independent countries do matters to the power balance.
Section 2: Tito, Nehru, & Nasser
-Tito (Yugoslavia) wants to stay strong, use some assistance from US.
-He wants “non-alignment” all over the world.
-Nehru (India) resists US/Pakistan. Enlai (China) uses Mao’s reasons.
-Egypt was controlled by GB, Suez Canal is important. Nasser is in control there.
-Dulles worried about Nasser having control, domino reaction to other countries.
-Anglo-French-Israeli invasion almost breaks up NATO. Eisenhower is angry.
Section 3: Korea & Vietnam
-Korea is tumultuous post-Korean War.
-Mao jumps in and builds up military on an island. He defuses crises and then protests Americans landing in Lebanon.
-Khrushchev threatens Americans with nuclear when they threaten him.
-Vietnam isn’t doing well. Ho Chi Minh beat French in 1954, makes communist in north, Ngo Dinh Diem allies.
-Diem is a brutal totalitarian. Johnson in US decides to bomb North Vietnamese areas and sends in almost 200,000 American troops. Soviets are angry.
Section 4: Germany
-Postwar Germany is both strong and weak. They like to fake other countries into thinking that they are collapsing, to get what they want.
-Both East and West Germany are threatening (political party or regime collapse).
-Unrest in Poland/Hungary is used by Ulbricht to get materials and goods from SU.
-Khrushchev worried about controlling Mao, Ulbricht also concerned.
-Khrushchev confronts Kennedy with Berlin ultimatum at Vienna summit. Kennedy will defend W. Berlin, Khrushchev upset.
Section 5: France & China
-France/China benefit with superpower help. De Gaulle is unstable and does a lot of things wrong (nuclear war, relationship with US, will not reconcile). US has no control.
-Mao thinks Khrushchev is beginners luck, superficial, accuses him of losing revolutionary edge.
-Mao wants danger from US/SU could make China safer, no one would question him.
-De Gaulle & Mao push superpowers around, no fear left.
Section 6: Revolutions
-July 1967, Mao is under siege by young Red Guard.
-Mao & de Gaulle get authority, no motivation. Ulbricht in discomfort.
-Johnson not going for reelection. Nixon in charge. Kissinger makes quotes.
-Mao launches Cultural Revolution in 1966. He tries to regain control later.
Section 7: Fights/no fights
-March 1969: SU/Chinese fights along border. Mao doesn’t know what to do.
-Minimal communication with Mao and Nixon. Both want order back.
Section 8:
-Nixon/Mao want to unsettle Russians.
-Brezhnev orders invasion of Czechoslovakia & it does not go well.
-Brezhnev Doctrine threatens Soviets with the potential negative impacts.
-West Germans think that East Germany can be changed if no unification.
-Geopolitical stability necessary.
-Nixon/Kissinger were concerned about these policies. Nixon beats McGovern in new election.
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