Section 1: Détente
-Détente collapses; freezes Cold War.
-Purpose was to establish rules, not end conflict.
-Elites do not run world. More freely elected governments than before.
-Nuclear danger diminishing. Universal standards of justice.
Section 2: SALT I & II
-Center of détente was SU/US effort to limit nuclear race. Strategic Arms Limitation Talk (1969) capped number of missiles, and made a treaty.
-This was called SALT I. SALT evaded issues (nuclear arms reduction, etc.)
-Senator Jackson starts appearing and makes a resolution for arms.
-SALT II went on for years. Jimmy Carter wanted to fix the SALT and problems.
-Brezhnev has health problems, drug usage. 1977, SU develops accurate missiles. This causes problems in the creation and signing of SALT II.
Section 3: Marxism Internationally
-1972 Moscow summit: US/SU agree to “Basic Principles”.
-SU did not prevent Israel from taking Sinai/Gaza during 1967, and SU won’t help Egypt get them back. They end relationship with SU.
-Kissinger negotiates hostilities, SU gets nothing.
-SU is committed to class struggle and is involved internationally.
-1977: Somalia (SU friend) attacks Marxist Ethiopia. SU switches sides, Carter administration is freaking out.
-1978: Afghanistan has government overthrow, Marxists in charge.
-SU considers intervention, never mind. Politburo reverses itself.
Section 4: SU
-1980: Carter withdraws SALT II. American is stuck in arguments with itself.
-Poland has problems post SU/Warsaw Pact, protests, oil falls.
-SU is incapable of efficient and important strategizing.
Section 5: Takeovers
-Deng Xiaoping is taking over from Mao, Mao was 70/30% right/wrong.
-Margaret Thatcher is taking over in GB as prime minster.
-Reagan came to power through faith/fear/self-confidence.
-Mehmet Ali Agca (Turkish) plots to kill Walesa in Rome.
-John Paul II is recovering from attack.
-1981, Politburo will not intervene. Brezhnev Doctrine ends, SU is willing to use force.
Section 6: Reagan
-1981: Reagan is attacked, survives. Pope is attacked again, survives.
-No reform in Poland. Afghanistan is bloody stalemate. Oil prices down and collapsing.
-Reagan uses religion, increases military spending.
-1983: Reagan repudiates Mutual Assured Destruction. Stability is important.
-Strategic Defense Initiative questions Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (SALT I). Reagan is committed.
Section 7:
-Gorbachev takes over for Chernenko. G. is smart and a better ruler.
-G. knows SU cannot continue. G. is flexible for once. Wants SU/US to get rid of all nuclear stuff by 2000.
-Nuclear explosion in Chernobyl, 1986.
-Reagan/G. summit in Iceland, new ideas to get rid of missiles and weaponry.
-Shultz lectures G. He is receptive, reads Shultz’s book.
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